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Sunflower oil production line

Sunflower seed pretreatment process:

　　 light miscellaneous big miscellaneous

　 　↑ ↑

　　 oil (sunflower seeds) → winnowing → screening → magnetic separation → side-by-side mud cleaning → rolling stock → sunflower seed green sheet

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　　 Heavy Miscellaneous Small Miscellaneous Iron Miscellaneous

　　The basis and characteristics of production process selection

　　 Oil cleaning: The impurities contained in the oil are divided into organic impurities, inorganic impurities and oily impurities. Most of the impurities do not contain oil. During the oil production process, not only oil will not be produced, but a certain amount of oil will be absorbed in the cake. The impurities contained in the soil, plant stems and leaves, hulls and other impurities will deepen the oil color and produce bad smells. Phenomenon: Hard objects such as stones and iron will wear down the equipment. Therefore, the effective cleaning and impurity removal of the oil before the preparation of grease can reduce grease loss, increase the oil yield, and extend the service life of the equipment. Cleaning mainly includes winnowing, screening, magnetic separation and side-by-side mud cleaning.

　　(1) Winner

　　 Basis: According to the difference in specific gravity and aerodynamic properties of oilseeds and impurities, wind power is used to separate impurities in oil. Winnowing can be used to remove light impurities and dust in the oil, and it can also be used to remove heavy impurities such as metals and stones. It can also be used to separate the kernel and shell after the oil is peeled.

Features: Winnowing can be realized by adjusting the wind speed according to the physical properties of the oil, which can remove very light impurities similar to dust. By adjusting the wind speed, a better separation effect can be achieved, and other cleaning methods such as screening are irreplaceable. The role of.

　　(2)Filter

　　 Basis: Screening uses the difference in particle size between oil and impurities, and with the help of the relative movement of the oil-containing material and the screen surface, the impurities larger or smaller than the oil are removed through the sieve.

　　Features: Large impurities and small impurities in the oil can be removed through the relative movement of the sieve and the different selection of the sieve surface. The screening is a traditional cleaning process. This method is simple and easy to implement and can achieve better separation results.

　　(3) Magnetic separation

　　 Basis: Magnetic separation is a method of using magnets to remove metal impurities in oil. Although the content of metal impurities in oilseeds is not high, they are very harmful and easily cause damage to equipment, especially some high-speed equipment, and may even cause serious equipment accidents and safety accidents, so they must be removed.

　　Features: low energy consumption, low water consumption, and low environmental pollution. The equipment is low in price, simple in operation, and good in removing impurities.

　　 (4) Side by side mud cleaning

　　 Basis: Mud that is similar or equal in shape and size to oilseeds, and whose specific gravity is not significantly different from that of oilseeds, is called "side by side mud." Sunflower seeds, soybeans, and sesame seeds contain more side-by-side mud. The cleaning of side-by-side mud is based on the different mechanical properties of mud and oilseeds. The oilseeds containing side-by-side mud are first milled or beaten to crush the side-by-side mud, that is, to grind the mud, and then the mud dust is screened or winnowed.

　　Features: It can remove the impurities that are difficult to remove. After beating and grinding, the mud can be easily removed side by side. The fan is used to remove dust and the equipment is rationally used.

　　Preparation of green oil billets: The purpose of rolling billets is to destroy the cell tissue of the oil, increase the surface area of the oil, shorten the distance of the oil outflow, which is beneficial to the extraction of oil and also to improve the steaming effect.

　　(5) rolling stock

　　 Basis: When rolling the billet, mechanical external force can be used to destroy the cell tissue of the oil and destroy the cell wall of some cells. The rolling stock makes the oil change from granular to flake, reducing its thickness and increasing the surface area. When the solvent is leached and the oil is taken out, the contact surface between the blank and the solvent is increased, and the diffusion path of the grease is shortened, which is beneficial to increase the leaching speed. And depth.

　　Characteristics: The requirements for the blanks are thin and uniform, less powdery, and no oil.

The oil, namely sunflower seeds, is winnowed to separate light impurities (such as dust, plant stems and leaves, etc.) from heavy impurities (such as stones, etc.), and the impurities that are not much different from the weight of the oil will go to the next round of cleaning together with the oil— -filter. Reasonable selection of the screen surface screen can separate large and small impurities from the oil, and the impurities with the same shape as the oil enter the magnetic separation equipment with the oil. After the magnetic separation, the metal impurities can be removed, and finally only the soil is left. Impurities, after passing through the equipment to remove the mud, these impurities are ground and then taken away by the wind, and the cleaned oil can be sent to the rolling equipment for rolling.

　　The refining process of sunflower oil:

　　Sunflower seed oil degumming hydration

　　The colloidal impurities in crude oil are mainly phosphorus. The presence of gelatinous substances such as phospholipids not only reduces the quality of the oil, but also promotes transitional emulsification between the fat and the lye during the alkali refining and deacidification process, which increases the difficulty of separation of the saponins and increases the loss of neutral oil. Therefore, it should be removed first.

　　Sunflower seed oil deacidification

　　 Oil deacidification is mainly to remove free fatty acids in crude oil, as well as a small amount of colloids, pigments and trace metals in the oil. Deacidification operation is one of the important factors that directly affect the yield and quality of oil refining. The most widely used in industrial production is alkali refining and deacidification.

　　 Sunflower seed oil decolorization

　　The oily color and some other impurities must be decolorized to reach the product quality standard. At the same time, it provides more favorable conditions for deodorization and refining. Decolorization must meet the final requirements of the product color index; remove related pigments and quantitative metals; further remove residual traces of saponins, phospholipids and other colloidal impurities and certain odor substances in the oil; remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and residual pesticides; reduce oil quality Oxidation value.

　　Sunflower seed oil deodorization

　　The purpose of oil deodorization is to remove odor-causing substances in the oil and other substances that are easy to volatilize, improve the smell and color of the oil, and increase the stability of the oil. The peculiar smell of oil, the peculiar smell produced by decolorization, the clam smell produced by the oxidation of oil, etc. In the deodorization stage, these unpleasant odors are required to be sprayed directly into the steam distillation at high vacuum and high temperature to remove them.

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